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How to install apache on Ubuntu 22.04?

To install Apache on Ubuntu 22.04, you can follow these steps:

Step1: Update

Update the package lists for upgrades and new package installations by running the following command:

sudo apt update

Step2: Install

Install Apache using the apt package manager by running the following command:

sudo apt install apache2

Step3: Verify

After the installation is complete, Apache should start automatically. You can verify its status by running the following command:

sudo systemctl status apache2

If Apache is running correctly, you should see an output indicating that the service is active and running.

To access the default Apache landing page, open a web browser and enter the server’s IP address or domain name in the address bar. If Apache is installed locally on your Ubuntu machine, you can use http://localhost or http://127.0.0.1.

You should see the default Apache page indicating a successful installation.

You have now successfully installed Apache on your Ubuntu 22.04 system. You can start configuring Apache and hosting your web applications or websites by placing them in the appropriate directories, such as /var/www/html/.

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What is CHA FAN in computer motherboards?

What is CHA FAN doing there?

CHA_FAN refers to the chassis fan headers on a motherboard. These headers are used to connect and control the speed of the case fans in a computer system. The number associated with CHA_FAN (such as CHA_FAN1, CHA_FAN2, etc.) indicates the availability of multiple chassis fan headers on the motherboard.

By connecting the case fans to these CHA_FAN headers, you can regulate the fan speed and adjust the airflow inside the computer case. This allows you to manage the cooling of various components, such as the CPU, GPU, and other heat-generating parts. Proper cooling is essential to maintain optimal performance and prevent overheating, which can lead to stability issues or hardware damage.

Typically, these CHA_FAN headers provide voltage regulation or pulse width modulation (PWM) control, depending on the motherboard model. PWM control allows for more precise fan speed adjustment, while voltage regulation adjusts the fan speed by varying the voltage supplied to the fan.

To control and monitor the fans connected to the CHA_FAN headers, you can use motherboard software or BIOS settings. This enables you to customize the fan curves, set specific fan speeds, and monitor the fan RPM (revolutions per minute) for optimal cooling performance.

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What is cache memory?

Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory component that is located between the central processing unit (CPU) and the main memory in a computer system. Its primary purpose is to store frequently accessed data and instructions, providing faster access than the main memory.

The main memory, typically composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), is larger but slower compared to cache memory. When the CPU needs to retrieve data or instructions, it first checks the cache memory. If the data is present in the cache, it is known as a cache hit, and the CPU can access it quickly. This helps to reduce the time it takes for the CPU to fetch data from the main memory.

Cache memory operates on the principle of locality of reference, which states that data and instructions that are accessed in close temporal or spatial proximity are likely to be accessed again in the near future. There are different levels of cache memory, usually referred to as L1, L2, and L3 caches, with L1 being the smallest and fastest and L3 being the largest and slower among them.

Printed circuit board on a graphics card

Cache memory is divided into cache lines or blocks, and each block holds a small amount of data or instructions. When the CPU accesses a particular memory address, the cache controller checks if the corresponding block is present in the cache. If it is, the CPU retrieves the required data from the cache. If it’s not present, it results in a cache miss, and the CPU has to access the slower main memory to retrieve the data, while also bringing a larger block of data into the cache for future use.

The presence of cache memory significantly improves overall system performance by reducing the average memory access time. It helps bridge the speed gap between the CPU and main memory, as the CPU can access cache memory much faster than accessing data directly from the main memory.

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Oxygen OS 14 based on Android 14 features

Android 14 is expected to bring new features such as platform stability, lock screen designs and customization options, toggle design update, new navigation tutorial, additional settings in the Developer menu options, font size shortcut in the Quick Settings, list of apps that change location data access, separate settings for Languages and Keyboard¹. Android 14 also enables you to turn on camera flashes and screen flashes for incoming notifications². It will let you set the first three preferences and provide a Grammatical Inflection API so translated / localized apps can address people without potentially insulting them. Play lossless audio on USB headphones without missing calls³.

By now, Android 14 is releasing on Google Pixel and being test.

OxygenOS 14 has not been released. However, I can provide you with some general features that are typically associated with OxygenOS, the operating system developed by OnePlus for their smartphones. Here are some features commonly found in OxygenOS:

  1. Smooth and Fast Performance: OxygenOS is known for its optimized performance, offering a smooth and fast user experience on OnePlus devices.
  2. Customization Options: OxygenOS provides a wide range of customization options, allowing users to personalize their device’s appearance, such as changing the theme, icon packs, and fonts.
  3. Gesture Controls: OxygenOS supports gesture-based navigation, which enables users to navigate their device using swipes and gestures rather than traditional buttons.
  4. Reading Mode: This feature adjusts the display settings to make reading easier on the eyes, reducing blue light and optimizing contrast for enhanced reading comfort.
  5. Gaming Mode: OxygenOS includes a dedicated gaming mode that prioritizes system resources for gaming, blocks notifications, and provides a better gaming experience overall.
  6. Zen Mode: Zen Mode encourages users to take a break from their devices by disabling non-essential features for a specified period. It helps promote digital well-being and reduce smartphone addiction.
  7. System Updates: OnePlus regularly provides system updates for OxygenOS, which often include bug fixes, performance improvements, and occasionally introduce new features.

Please note that these features may be subject to change, and for the latest and most accurate information on OxygenOS 14 features, I recommend referring to official OnePlus announcements or checking the OnePlus website.

Source: Conversation with Bing, 6/29/2023
(1) Android 14: What to Expect From the New Version in 2023. https://www.nextpit.com/android-14.
(2) The 12 Top New Android 14 Features – WIRED. https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-download-android-14-and-features/.
(3) 16 ways that Android 14 will subtly improve your phone. https://www.theverge.com/23693781/google-android-14-features-update-io.
(4) Android 14 features: Everything you need to know. https://www.androidauthority.com/android-14-features-3280726/.
(5) Android 14 features and changes list | Android Developers. https://developer.android.com/about/versions/14/summary.

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Why GPU is important to gamers?

A GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) is important to gamers for several reasons:

  1. Enhanced Graphics Performance: GPUs are specifically designed to handle complex graphics calculations and render high-quality visuals in real-time. They excel at tasks like rendering 3D graphics, creating realistic lighting and shadows, applying advanced visual effects, and handling high-resolution textures. A powerful GPU can significantly improve the visual experience in games by providing smooth frame rates, crisp textures, and immersive graphics.
  2. Smooth Gameplay: Games with demanding graphics can be quite resource-intensive. The GPU takes the burden off the CPU (Central Processing Unit) by handling the majority of graphics-related tasks. This allows the CPU to focus on other game logic and calculations, resulting in smoother gameplay. A dedicated GPU with sufficient power ensures that games run seamlessly without stuttering or lagging, providing a more enjoyable gaming experience.
  3. Higher Frame Rates: Frame rate refers to the number of frames displayed per second in a game. Higher frame rates result in smoother animations, more responsive controls, and reduced input lag. A GPU with higher performance capabilities can render frames quickly, allowing games to achieve higher frame rates. This is particularly important in fast-paced games or competitive gaming scenarios where every millisecond matters.
  4. Support for Advanced Features: GPUs play a crucial role in enabling advanced graphical features such as real-time ray tracing, which enhances the realism of lighting and reflections in games. They also support technologies like NVIDIA DLSS (Deep Learning Super Sampling) or AMD FidelityFX, which use artificial intelligence algorithms to improve image quality and performance simultaneously. These features can greatly enhance the visual fidelity and immersion in games, providing a more lifelike experience.
  5. Future-Proofing: Games are constantly becoming more visually demanding as developers leverage advancements in graphics technology. Investing in a powerful GPU ensures that gamers can enjoy the latest games at their full potential without needing to upgrade frequently. A capable GPU can handle upcoming releases with higher graphics requirements and offer a longer lifespan before requiring an upgrade.

It’s worth noting that the importance of the GPU may vary depending on the type of games played and the desired graphical fidelity. Some less demanding games or older titles might not require a high-end GPU, while others may benefit greatly from a more powerful graphics solution.

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What is Intel Iris Graphic and its using for?

Intel Iris Graphics is a series of integrated graphics processing units (GPUs) developed by Intel. These GPUs are designed to be integrated into Intel’s processors, providing on-chip graphics capabilities for laptops, desktops, and other computing devices.

Intel Iris Graphics offers improved performance and enhanced visual capabilities compared to Intel’s previous generations of integrated graphics solutions. It is particularly known for its ability to handle tasks such as video playback, basic photo and video editing, and casual gaming with better efficiency and quality.

The Iris Graphics series includes different variants, such as Intel Iris Plus Graphics and Intel Iris Xe Graphics, each offering varying levels of performance and features. These graphics solutions are often found in Intel’s Core series processors, which are commonly used in a wide range of consumer and business devices.

It’s worth noting that while Intel Iris Graphics can handle many everyday graphics tasks competently, they are not as powerful as dedicated graphics cards or GPUs from other manufacturers specifically designed for demanding gaming or professional graphics workloads. However, Intel has made significant strides in improving the graphics performance of its integrated solutions in recent years.

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What the difference between growing and developing?

The terms “growing” and “developing” are often used interchangeably, but they can have distinct meanings depending on the context. Here’s a general explanation of the difference between the two terms:

  1. Growth: Growth typically refers to an increase or expansion in size, quantity, or magnitude. It implies a quantitative change. In the context of living organisms, growth often refers to physical changes, such as an increase in height, weight, or the number of cells. For businesses or economies, growth can refer to an increase in revenue, sales, market share, or the size of the workforce. Growth is often measured in terms of numbers or statistics.
  2. Development: Development, on the other hand, generally refers to a qualitative improvement or progression in capabilities, knowledge, skills, infrastructure, institutions, or overall well-being. It implies a more comprehensive and multifaceted change. Development can be social, economic, technological, or personal in nature. It often involves progress, advancement, and positive change that leads to a higher level of functioning or sophistication.

While growth focuses on quantity, development emphasizes quality and progress. Development implies a broader perspective that takes into account various aspects beyond mere size or numbers. It often involves sustainable and long-term changes that lead to positive outcomes and advancements.

It’s worth noting that the specific usage and interpretation of these terms can vary depending on the context in which they are used. In some cases, “growth” and “development” may be used interchangeably, while in other instances, they may have nuanced differences based on the specific domain or discipline being discussed.

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What is website ranking in Cambodia

Website rankings in Cambodia, as in any country, are influenced by various factors such as website traffic, user engagement, search engine optimization (SEO) practices, and the overall popularity and relevance of the website’s content.

In Cambodia, Google is the most popular search engine, and its search algorithms determine the rankings of websites in search results. To improve website rankings on search engines, website owners can employ SEO techniques such as optimizing content with relevant keywords, improving website speed and user experience, acquiring backlinks from reputable sources, and ensuring mobile-friendliness.

Additionally, the Cambodian online landscape is rapidly evolving, with increasing internet penetration and usage. Local businesses, organizations, and individuals are actively creating websites to establish their online presence and reach a wider audience. E-commerce, news portals, social media platforms, and government websites are some of the popular types of websites in Cambodia.

To obtain the most up-to-date and accurate information about website rankings in Cambodia, I recommend consulting reputable SEO tools and analytics platforms that provide insights on specific websites’ performance and rankings in the country.

As the result, Google.com, Youtube.com, Microsoft.com, Facebook, Instagram, WhatApp and some other socials media websites are the top ranking in Cambodia. Otherwise, the local websites such as sabay.com.kh, khmer24.com, and some other news infomer websites are staying top ranking in Cambodia too.

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Adobe Photoshop for Mac – Free Download

Adobe Photoshop is a powerful and widely used software application for image editing and manipulation. It is developed and marketed by Adobe Inc., a renowned software company. Photoshop provides a comprehensive set of tools and features that enable users to create, enhance, and modify digital images and photographs.

With Photoshop, users can perform a wide range of tasks, including but not limited to:

  1. Image editing: Users can adjust brightness, contrast, color balance, and other attributes of an image to enhance its overall appearance.
  2. Retouching: Photoshop offers tools to remove blemishes, wrinkles, and other imperfections from photos, as well as to smooth out skin tones.
  3. Image composition: Users can combine multiple images or elements to create a composite image, using features like layers, masks, and blending modes.
  4. Graphic design: Photoshop is widely used by graphic designers for creating logos, banners, posters, and other visual elements. It provides tools for drawing, typography, and vector graphics.
  5. Digital painting: The software includes a range of brushes and painting tools that allow users to create digital artwork from scratch or simulate traditional painting techniques.
  6. Photo manipulation: Photoshop enables users to manipulate images in creative ways, such as removing or adding objects, changing backgrounds, or altering the overall composition.
  7. Batch processing: Users can automate repetitive tasks by creating actions and scripts, allowing them to apply the same edits or adjustments to multiple images simultaneously.

Photoshop supports a wide range of file formats and offers advanced features like support for layers, non-destructive editing, filters, and various selection tools. It is commonly used by photographers, designers, artists, and professionals in various fields related to visual content creation.

How to download Adobe Photoshop for mac?

To download Adobe Photoshop for Mac, you can follow these steps:

  1. Go to the Adobe website: Visit the official Adobe website at https://www.adobe.com/.
  2. Navigate to the Creative Cloud section: Move your cursor to the “Products” menu on the top navigation bar, and select “Photoshop” from the drop-down menu. This will take you to the Photoshop product page.
  3. Choose the plan: On the Photoshop product page, you’ll see various plan options. Select the plan that suits your needs and click on the “Buy now” or “Start free trial” button.
  4. Sign in or create an Adobe ID: If you have an existing Adobe ID, sign in with your credentials. Otherwise, click on the “Sign up” or “Create account” button to create a new Adobe ID.
  5. Complete the purchase or start the free trial: Follow the prompts to complete the purchase process if you’ve chosen a paid plan. If you’ve selected a free trial, you may need to enter your payment details but won’t be charged until the trial period ends.
  6. Download the Creative Cloud Desktop app: After signing in and completing the purchase or starting the trial, you’ll be redirected to the Creative Cloud page. Download and install the Creative Cloud Desktop app by clicking on the “Download” button.
  7. Install Adobe Photoshop: Open the Creative Cloud Desktop app, sign in with your Adobe ID if prompted, and locate the Photoshop application. Click on the “Install” button next to Photoshop, and the application will start downloading and installing on your Mac.
  8. Launch Adobe Photoshop: Once the installation is complete, you can launch Adobe Photoshop either from the Creative Cloud Desktop app or from the Applications folder on your Mac.

Please note that Adobe Photoshop is a subscription-based software, and you’ll need an active subscription or a trial account to use it. Make sure to check the system requirements for the latest version of Photoshop to ensure compatibility with your Mac.

Try another way to download free Adobe Photoshop 2019 for Mac

Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 App for Mac OS – Technical Details

  • Mac App Full Name: Download Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 for Mac OS X
  • Adobe Photoshop CC 2019 Version # 20.0.4
  • Setup App File Name: Adobe_Photoshop_CC_2019_v20.0.4.dmg
  • Full Application Size: 1.7 GB
  • Setup Type: Offline Installer / Full Standalone Setup DMG Package
  • Compatibility Architecture: Apple-Intel Architecture
  • Latest Version Release Added On: 31th Mar 2019
  • License Type: Full Premium Pro Version Working Free
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MySQL connection string with PHP and others

A MySQL connection string is a string of parameters and values used to establish a connection between a client application and a MySQL database server. It contains the necessary information to identify the server, authenticate the user, and specify additional connection options.

The exact format of a MySQL connection string can vary depending on the programming language or framework being used. However, it typically includes the following components:

  1. Server/Host: This specifies the hostname or IP address of the machine where the MySQL server is running. For example, localhost or 127.0.0.1.
  2. Port: This indicates the port number on which the MySQL server is listening for incoming connections. The default port for MySQL is 3306, but it can be configured differently.
  3. Database: This specifies the name of the database you want to connect to or perform operations on.
  4. User: This specifies the username used to authenticate with the MySQL server.
  5. Password: This is the password associated with the username for authentication.

Here’s an example of a MySQL connection string in the commonly used format:

Hostlocalhost / 127.0.0.1 (depending on language and/or connection method used)
Port3306
Usernameroot
Passwordroot
Socket/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock
This connection method can be changed by your local network configuration.

PHP

<?php
  $db_host = 'localhost';
  $db_user = 'root';
  $db_password = 'root';
  $db_db = 'information_schema';
 
  $mysqli = @new mysqli(
    $db_host,
    $db_user,
    $db_password,
    $db_db
  );
	
  if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    echo 'Errno: '.$mysqli->connect_errno;
    echo '<br>';
    echo 'Error: '.$mysqli->connect_error;
    exit();
  }

  echo 'Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made.';
  echo '<br>';
  echo 'Host information: '.$mysqli->host_info;
  echo '<br>';
  echo 'Protocol version: '.$mysqli->protocol_version;

  $mysqli->close();
?>

2. Connect via network
<?php
  $db_host = '127.0.0.1';
  $db_user = 'root';
  $db_password = 'root';
  $db_db = 'information_schema';
  $db_port = 3306;

  $mysqli = new mysqli(
    $db_host,
    $db_user,
    $db_password,
    $db_db,
	$db_port
  );
	
  if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    echo 'Errno: '.$mysqli->connect_errno;
    echo '<br>';
    echo 'Error: '.$mysqli->connect_error;
    exit();
  }

  echo 'Success: A proper connection to MySQL was made.';
  echo '<br>';
  echo 'Host information: '.$mysqli->host_info;
  echo '<br>';
  echo 'Protocol version: '.$mysqli->protocol_version;

  $mysqli->close();
?>

Python

1. Connect using an UNIX socket (preferred)
#!/usr/bin/env /Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/python

import mysql.connector

config = {
  'user': 'root',
  'password': 'root',
  'host': 'localhost',
  'unix_socket': '/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock',
  'database': 'test',
  'raise_on_warnings': True
}

cnx = mysql.connector.connect(**config)

cursor = cnx.cursor(dictionary=True)

cursor.execute('SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `test`')

results = cursor.fetchall()

for row in results:
  id = row['id']
  title = row['name']
  print '%s | %s' % (id, title)

cnx.close()

2. Connect via network
#!/usr/bin/env /Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/python

import mysql.connector

config = {
  'user': 'root',
  'password': 'root',
  'host': '127.0.0.1',
  'port': 3306,
  'database': 'test',
  'raise_on_warnings': True
}

cnx = mysql.connector.connect(**config)

cursor = cnx.cursor(dictionary=True)

cursor.execute('SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `test`')

results = cursor.fetchall()

for row in results:
  id = row['id']
  title = row['name']
  print '%s | %s' % (id, title)

cnx.close()

Perl

Connect using an UNIX socket (preferred)
#!/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use DBI;

print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";

my $source = 'DBI:mysql:database=test;host=localhost;mysql_socket=/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock';
my $user = 'root';
my $password = 'root';

my $attr = {
  PrintError => 0, # turn off error reporting via warn()
  RaiseError => 1, # turn on error reporting via die()
};

my $dbc = DBI->connect($source, $user, $password, $attr)
or die "Unable to connect to mysql: $DBI::errstr\n";

my $sql = $dbc->prepare("SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `test`");
my $out = $sql->execute()
or die "Unable to execute sql: $sql->errstr";

while ((my $id, my $name) = $sql->fetchrow_array()) {
  print "id: $id / name: $name<br>\n";
}

$dbc->disconnect();

Connect via network
#!/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;
use DBI;

print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";

my $source = 'DBI:mysql:database=test;host=localhost;port=3306';
my $user = 'root';
my $password = 'root';

my $attr = {
  PrintError => 0, # turn off error reporting via warn()
  RaiseError => 1, # turn on error reporting via die()
};

my $dbc = DBI->connect($source, $user, $password, $attr)
or die "Unable to connect to mysql: $DBI::errstr\n";

my $sql = $dbc->prepare("SELECT `id`, `name` FROM `test`");
my $out = $sql->execute()
or die "Unable to execute sql: $sql->errstr";

while ((my $id, my $name) = $sql->fetchrow_array()) {
  print "id: $id / name: $name<br>\n";
}

$dbc->disconnect();

Ruby

Connect using an UNIX socket (preferred)
#!/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/ruby

require "mysql2"

@db_host = "localhost"
@db_socket = "/Applications/MAMP/tmp/mysql/mysql.sock"
@db_user = "root"
@db_pass = "root"
@db_name = "test"

client = Mysql2::Client.new(
  :host => @db_host,
  :socket => @db_socket,
  :username => @db_user,
  :password => @db_pass,
  :database => @db_name
)

result = client.query("SELECT * from `test`")

result.each do |row|
  puts row["id"].to_s() + " | " + row["name"].to_s()
end

client.close

Connect via network
#!/Applications/MAMP/Library/bin/ruby

require "mysql2"

@db_host = "localhost"
@db_port = 3306
@db_user = "root"
@db_pass = "root"
@db_name = "test"

client = Mysql2::Client.new(
  :host => @db_host,
  :port => @db_port,
  :username => @db_user,
  :password => @db_pass,
  :database => @db_name
)

result = client.query("SELECT * from `test`")

result.each do |row|
  puts row["id"].to_s() + " | " + row["name"].to_s()
end

client.close

MySQLi

<?php
  $db = new SQLite3('/Applications/MAMP/db/sqlite/mydb.db');
  $db->exec("CREATE TABLE items(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)");
  $db->exec("INSERT INTO items(name) VALUES('Name 1')");
  $db->exec("INSERT INTO items(name) VALUES('Name 2')");

  $last_row_id = $db->lastInsertRowID();

  echo 'The last inserted row ID is '.$last_row_id.'.';

  $result = $db->query('SELECT * FROM items');

  while ($row = $result->fetchArray()) {
    echo '<br>';
    echo 'id: '.$row['id'].' / name: '.$row['name'];
  }

  $db->exec('DELETE FROM items');

  $changes = $db->changes();

  echo '<br>';
  echo 'The DELETE statement removed '.$changes.' rows.';
?>

Note that all connections string above are using MAMP Pro for test. To learn more about MAMP or MAMP Pro, please click here. The actual syntax and format of the connection string may vary depending on the programming language or framework you are using.